Everything about Core Temperature totally explained
Core temperature, also called
core body temperature, is the operating
temperature of an
organism, specifically in deep structures of the body such as the
liver, in comparison to temperatures of peripheral tissues.
Temperature control (
thermoregulation) is part of a
homeostatic mechanism designed to keep the organism at optimum operating temperature, as it affects the rate of
chemical reactions. In
humans this optimum temperature is (see
Normal human body temperature), though it varies regularly as controlled by one's
circadian rhythms with the lowest temperature occurring about two hours before one normally wakes up. An organism at optimum temperature is considered
afebrile or
apyrexic.
Temperature examination in the
rectum is the traditional
gold standard measurement used to estimate core temperature (oral temperature is affected by hot or cold drinks and mouth-breathing). Rectal temperature is expected to be one Fahrenheit degree higher than an oral temperature taken on the same person at the same time. New ear thermometers measure eardrum temperature using
infrared sensors. The blood supply to the
tympanic membrane is shared with the
brain. However, this method of measuring body temperature isn't as accurate as rectal measurement and has a low sensitivity for fevers. One report found this method missed four out of ten fevers in a group of children. Ear temperature measurement may be acceptable for observing trends in body temperature but is less useful in consistently identifying fevers.
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